Features of federalism - shortcut1. There are two or more levels (or tiers) of government. 2. Different tiers of government govern the same citizens, but each tier has its own jurisdiction in specific matters of legislation, taxation and administration.
The preamble of the
Indian constitution is
taken from the
constitution of the USA. The
Constitution of
India has picked the best features from
other constitutions of the world.
Hemant Singh.
| Name of Countries | Borrowed Features of the Constitution |
|---|
| Japan | 1. Concept of “procedure established by Law” |
The Drafting Committee of the Constitution was chaired by B. R. Ambedkar.
It was prepared by a committee of the All Parties Conference chaired by Motilal Nehru with his son Jawaharlal Nehru acting as a secretary. There were nine other members in this committee.
Answer:
- Basic civil rights of Freedom of Press, Freedom of speech, Freedom of association, Freedom of assembly,
- Equality before law.
- Elections based on Universal Adult Franchise.
- Free and compulsory primary education.
- Considerable reduction in taxes and rent.
State executive consists of Governor and Council of Ministers with Chief Minister as its head. The Governor of a State is appointed by the President for a term of five years and holds office during his pleasure.
| Constitution of India |
|---|
| Author(s) | Benegal Narsing Rau Constitutional Advisor to the Constituent Assembly B. R. Ambedkar Chairman of the Drafting Committee Surendra Nath Mukherjee Chief Draftsman of the Constituent Assembly and other members of Constituent Assembly |
| Signatories | 284 members of the Constituent Assembly |
The original 1950 constitution is preserved in a helium-filled case at the Parliament House in New Delhi.
The
parts of the
Indian Constitution along with Subject and Articles they cover are given below.
Parts of Indian Constitution.
| Part | Subject | Articles |
|---|
| Part V | The Union | Art. 52 to 151 |
| Part VI | The States | Art. 152 to 237 |
| Part VII | Repealed by Const. (7th Amendment) Act, 1956 |
| Part VIII | The Union Territories | Art. 239 to 242 |
Why was the Constitution written? In 1787, Congress authorized delegates to gather in Philadelphia and recommend changes to the existing charter of government for the 13 states, the Articles of Confederation, which many Americans believed had created a weak, ineffective central government.
Fundamental Rights are Right to Equality, Right to Freedom, Right against Exploitation, Right to Freedom of Religion, Cultural and Educational Rights, Right to Constitutional Remedies and Right to Privacy.
As of January 2017, there were about 1,248 laws. However, since there are Central laws as well as State laws, it is difficult to ascertain their exact numbers as on a given date and the best way to find the Central Laws in India is from the official websites.
12 Schedules of Indian Constitution PDF:
| Schedule | Articles Covered |
|---|
| Third Schedule | 75, 84, 99, 124, 146, 173, 188 & 219 |
| Fourth Schedule | 4 & 80 |
| Fifth Schedule | 244 |
| Sixth Schedule | 244 & 275 |
India has the world's lengthiest constitution with 448 articles, 25 parts and 12 schedules.
